What Metals Are Used in Welding?

Common Types of Metal Used for Welding

Welding can be done on a variety of metals, each with different properties and welding requirements. Here are the most commonly used metals:

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1. Steel

A. Carbon Steel (Most Common)

Strong, durable, and affordable.
Used in construction, automotive, and pipelines.
Works well with MIG, TIG, Stick, and Flux-Core welding.

B. Stainless Steel

Corrosion-resistant, used in food, medical, and marine industries.
Requires TIG or MIG welding with shielding gas (argon or helium).

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2. Aluminum

Lightweight, corrosion-resistant, common in automotive, aerospace, and construction.
Requires TIG or MIG welding with AC power and argon gas.
More difficult to weld due to oxidation and high heat conductivity.

3. Cast Iron

Brittle and prone to cracking, used in engine blocks, pipes, and cookware.
Requires preheating and slow cooling to avoid cracks.
Best welded with Stick (SMAW) or TIG using nickel-based rods.

4. Copper & Brass

A. Copper

Excellent conductivity, used in electrical work and plumbing.
Welded with TIG or MIG, often with preheating.

B. Brass (Copper + Zinc Alloy)

Common in musical instruments, plumbing, and decorative work.
Usually brazed or soldered instead of welded.

5. Titanium

High strength, lightweight, corrosion-resistant.
Used in aerospace, medical implants, and racing industries.
Requires TIG welding in a controlled, oxygen-free environment.

6. Nickel & Nickel Alloys

High heat resistance, used in chemical plants and extreme environments.
Often welded with TIG or Stick welding.

Choosing the Right Metal for Welding

Steel – Best for beginners, strong, and easy to weld.
Aluminum – Lightweight, corrosion-resistant, but tricky to weld.
Stainless Steel – Corrosion-resistant, used in food and medical industries.
Cast Iron – Harder to weld, requires special techniques.
Copper/Titanium/Nickel – Specialized metals for advanced applications.